<div><font size="2"><br></font></div> <div><font size="2"><br></font></div> <div> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2"><span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;" lang="en-us">2015.5.1  </span><span style="font-weight:bold;" lang="en-us"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.google.co.kr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0ahUKEwi3_JfJ6dPPAhVFFJQKHbYxBa0QFgggMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fjpl%2Fgps-data-show-how-nepal-quake-disturbed-earth-s-upper-atmosphere&usg=AFQjCNGp0j1maE9-W4gjUw-jspSg5XJR_g&bvm=bv.135475266,d.dGo" target="_blank">GPS Data Show How Nepal Quake Disturbed Earth's Upper ... - NASA</a></span></font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2"></font></p> <div style="text-align:left;"><font size="2"><img src="http://thimg.todayhumor.co.kr/upfile/201610/1476268676283a3b70bc33452bbbfd8dd365c71c3a__mn306117__w1041__h868__f78985__Ym201610.jpg" width="800" height="667" alt="nepalquakeionosphere20150501.jpg" class="chimg_photo" style="border:none;"></font></div><font size="2"><br></font> <p></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"></p> <div style="text-align:center;"><br></div> <div style="text-align:center;"><br></div> <p></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2"> </font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2"> </font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2"><span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;">The April 25, 2015, magnitude 7.8 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal created waves of energy that penetrated into Earth's upper atmosphere in the vicinity of Nepal, disturbing the distribution of electrons in the ionosphere.</span> The ionosphere is a region of Earth's upper atmosphere located from about 37 miles (60 kilometers) to 621 miles (1,000 kilometers) above Earth’s surface. These disturbances were monitored using signals transmitted by the Global Positioning System (GPS) that were received by a science-quality GPS receiver located in a neighboring region to Nepal.</font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2"> </font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2">The disturbance measurements, known as <span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;">vertical total electron content (VTEC) (depicted in blue in the upper panel)</span>, have been filtered using processing software developed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California,<span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;"> to show wave-like disturbances (circled in red) in the distribution of electrons in the ionosphere.</span> <span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;">The waves have</span> <span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;">periods of between two and eight minutes in length.</span> <span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;">The disturbance measurements following the earthquake rupture are circled in black in the lower panel.</span> The colors represent the relative <span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;">strengths of the earthquake-induced ionospheric disturbances</span> as captured by the GPS signals,<span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;"> with red being high and blue being low.</span></font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2"> </font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2">The data show that after the initial earthquake rupture (indicated by the vertical black line) <span style="font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline;">it took about 21 minutes for the earthquake-generated ionospheric disturbance to reach a GPS station (LHAZ), located about 400 miles (640 kilometers) away from the epicenter</span> in Lhasa, Tibet, China.</font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'Malgun Gothic';"><font size="2"> </font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'맑은 고딕';" lang="en-us"><font size="2"> -------------------------------------</font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'맑은 고딕';"><font size="2"><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">지진운이라고 제시되는</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">모든 사진이</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">지진과</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">관련은</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">없겠지만</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">그</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">가능성을</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">열어놓는</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">나사의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">연구결과가</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">있다</span><span lang="en-us">.     2015</span><span lang="ko">년</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">네팔</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">대지진을</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">관측한</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">미우주항공국의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">발표에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">따르면</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">지진을</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">전후로</span><span lang="en-us">  </span><span lang="ko">대기이온전리층에서</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">초장파의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">변화를</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">관찰했기</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">때문이다</span><span lang="en-us">.   </span><span lang="ko">파장주기</span><span lang="en-us">, 0.5~68</span><span lang="ko">분의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">광역파장대를</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">탐지한</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">것이다</span><span lang="en-us">.   </span><span lang="ko">강력한</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">이온층밀도변화가</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">일어난</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">파장은</span><span lang="en-us"> 8</span><span lang="ko">분주기</span><span lang="en-us">(1</span><span lang="ko">파장이</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">진동하는데</span><span lang="en-us"> 480</span><span lang="ko">초</span><span lang="en-us">==>0.02Hz)</span><span lang="ko">이다</span><span lang="en-us">. </span><span lang="ko">위</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">그림의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">아랫부분을</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">보면</span><span lang="en-us">  </span><span lang="ko">지진</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">시작전부터</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">이미</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">이온층의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">전자밀도의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">변화가</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">급속히</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">감소하다가</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">증가하는</span><span lang="en-us">  </span><span lang="ko">파장을</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">형성한다는</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">것을</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">알</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">수</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">있다</span><span lang="en-us">.  </span></font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'맑은 고딕';" lang="en-us"><font size="2"> </font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'맑은 고딕';"><font size="2"><span lang="ko">지진과</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">이온전리층이</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">상관</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">관계가</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">있다면</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">그</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">사이에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">있는</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">구름도</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">다양한</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">전자기활동이</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">벌어지기</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">때문에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">지진연관성의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">가능성을</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">열어둬야</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">한다</span><span lang="en-us">.    </span><span lang="ko">발신기와</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">수신장치</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">제작의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">곤란함</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">때문에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">이러한</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">초장파에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">대한</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">연구가</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">미진했다</span><span lang="en-us">.  </span><span lang="ko">수심</span><span lang="en-us"> 300m</span><span lang="ko">이하의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">전략잠수함과</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">교신가능한</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">파장이</span><span lang="en-us">  50~80Hz</span><span lang="ko">이다</span><span lang="en-us">.  </span><span lang="ko">발신</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">장치는</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">수백</span><span lang="en-us">km</span><span lang="ko">에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">이르고</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">대규모</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">전용발전소가</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">필요하다</span><span lang="en-us">.  </span><span lang="ko">전파장치의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">발전과</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">그에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">따른</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">연구는</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">점점</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">짧은</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">전파</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">쪽으로</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">집중됐기</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">때문에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">초장파에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">대한</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">연구가</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">미진했던</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">셈이다</span><span lang="en-us">.    </span></font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'맑은 고딕';" lang="en-us"><font size="2"> </font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'맑은 고딕';"><font size="2"><span lang="ko">앞서</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">토요타</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">연구원의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">차량에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">알루미늄테이프</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">붙이기</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">게시글에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">어느</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">분이</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">칼텍의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">대기전위에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">대한</span><span lang="en-us">  </span><span lang="ko">강의안</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">링크를</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">덧붙였는데</span><span lang="en-us">  </span><span lang="ko">대기와</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">구름은</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">전자기적</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">활동이</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">그</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">본질이다</span><span lang="en-us">.   </span><span lang="ko">네팔</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">지진과</span><span lang="en-us">  </span><span lang="ko">전리이온층의</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">관측현상이</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">밀접한</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">사실이라면</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">우리가</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">구름에</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">대해서도</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">지진</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">관련성을</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">배제할</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">필요는</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">없는</span><span lang="en-us"> </span><span lang="ko">셈이다</span><span lang="en-us">. </span></font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'맑은 고딕';" lang="en-us"><font size="2"> </font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'맑은 고딕';" lang="en-us"><font size="2"> </font></p> <p style="margin:0in;font-family:'맑은 고딕';" lang="en-us"><font size="2"> </font></p></div>